Synergistic response of steel columns to explosive thermal and long duration blast loading

This paper investigates the response of steel columns to combined pre-cursor thermal and long duration blast loads. Blast waves are primary damage mechanism from explosive events. However, events also emit Depending upon size standoff distance, effective load can reach a structure prior arrival blast. An structures such that total is different to, or greater than alone. There limited research date investigating synergistic loading. specifically focuses on numerical computational methods appropriate predict subject focused loads (positive pressure phase exceeding 100 ms). Results substantive study presented, showing within sensitivity envelope cases. Computational verified with novel series fireball trials thermal, compression trials.